A STUDY OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION UNDER AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE LINKED TO THE RISK FACTORS INVOLVED – A REVIEW
A STUDY OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION UNDER AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE LINKED TO THE RISK FACTORS INVOLVED – A REVIEW
DOI:
10.52832/jesh.v2i1.92Keywords:
Atrial fibrillation. Epidemiology. Risk factors.Abstract
The atrial fibrillation is a dysfunction of the heart rhythm caused by high-frequency and disordered excitability of the atria. The electrical structure and cells that make up the pulmonary veins are the providers of reentry and ectopic activity in atrial fibrillation. Thus, this study seeks to point out data regarding the epidemiology of atrial fibrillation and the risk factors related to this pathology. This is an integrative literature review carried out through the selection of articles published in journals indexed in the SciELO and PubMed databases. In all, 329 articles were found, of which 20 literatures were selected to compose this review. Atrial fibrillation has an average prevalence of 33.5 million people across the globe. The highest prevalence rates of atrial fibrillation are found in developed countries, mainly in North America. The relevance of sex in the development of the disease is debatable, and it seems to be similar, except in people over 75 years of age, whose risk will be greater in women due to their increased longevity. Atrial fibrillation risk factors can generate atrial changes, which may or may not be structural, which predispose patients to develop atrial fibrillation. Some of these more common risk factors include diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, smoking, and obesity. The relevance of the sex difference as a predisposing factor to atrial fibrillation is still inconclusive, but the aforementioned factors have been shown to increase the risk of manifestation of atrial fibrillation.
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