BEES ASSOCIATED WITH COFFEE IN DIFFERENT FARMING SYSTEMS IN THE BAHIA SEMI-ARID, BRAZIL
BEES ASSOCIATED WITH COFFEE IN DIFFERENT FARMING SYSTEMS IN THE BAHIA SEMI-ARID, BRAZIL
DOI:
10.52832/jesh.v2i1.58Keywords:
Agrosystem, Apoidea, Hymenoptera, Moericke, Floral visitorsAbstract
In this work, we sought to verify if the diversity of bees is altered by the different types of coffee agrosystems and if it is maintained at all development stages (vegetative and reproductive), observing four cultivation systems of the Catuaí variety, two arborized and with both conventional and without pesticides systems (SAT), in association with grevillea (Grevillea robusta), and two at full-sun (SAT and conventional) for two evaluation periods (vegetative and reproductive). A fortnight monitoring was carried out, with ten traps of the Moericke type, which remained in the field for 48 hours, and an entomological net. In the vegetative phase, 193 bee specimens were collected, distributed in 21 species, 18 genera, seven tribes and four families, with the most abundant genera being Apis (37.8%), Melitomella (16.1%), Exomalopsis (10.9%) and Oxaea (10.9%). For the reproductive period, 351 specimens from nine species of the Apidae and Halictidae families were collected. It was observed that the factors that interfered in the bee community composition may be related to the use of pesticides and the absence of weeds between the rows during the vegetative period. During the coffee reproductive phase, the bee diversity decreased due to the intense presence of social bees. Trigona spinipes (36,8%), Apis mellifera (33%) and Schwarziana quadripunctata (19,9%) were the most frequent species in the coffee flowers for all studied agrosystems.
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