Regional and sectoral challenges of small and medium-sized enterprises in the preparation of sustainability reports: A systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52832/jesh.v6i1.608Keywords:
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs); Sustainability; Sustainability Reporting; ESG Practices; Organizational Challenges.Abstract
This research analyzed the barriers faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) worldwide in preparing sustainability reports, considering different regional and sectoral contexts. The relevance of the topic lies in the strategic role of SMEs in generating employment, income, and global economic growth, while their integration into sustainability practices is essential to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study was conducted through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), supported by the PRISMA protocol, with searches in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The methodological process followed four stages: identification (74 studies), screening (31 studies), eligibility (30 studies), and inclusion (28 studies), considering publications between 2019 and 2024. The results highlight recurrent challenges such as scarcity of financial and human resources, regulatory complexity, lack of expertise, cultural resistance to change, absence of regulatory standardization, difficulties in data collection along the value chain, low market demand, and lack of governmental incentives. These barriers were found to be more pronounced in developing countries, while in developed countries regulatory compliance costs and adaptation to international standards prevail. The analysis also revealed sectoral differences, with greater impacts in high environmental risk industries such as energy, construction, and manufacturing. In this context, the findings reinforce the urgency of specific public policies, regulatory harmonization, technical training, and the development of simplified tools for SMEs. Furthermore, collaborative strategies and market incentives may enhance their competitiveness and consolidate their contribution to the SDGs, particularly SDG 12 (responsible consumption) and SDG 13 (climate action).
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