Nanomateriais À Base De Carbono Como Estratégia Para Mitigar Os Efeitos Do Estresse Salino Em Plantas: Uma Breve RevisãoEm Plantas: Uma Breve Revisãolino Em Plantas: Uma Breve Revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52832/jesh.v6i2.700Resumen
A salinização dos solos é um problema mundial crescente, e constitui um dos principais desafios para a agricultura moderna. Tal estresse que compromete o crescimento vegetal, a absorção de nutrientes e o equilíbrio hídrico das plantas, afetando a produtividade e a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas. Esse fenômeno pode resultar tanto de fatores naturais quanto de práticas antrópicas, como o uso inadequado da irrigação e a drenagem insuficiente dos solos. Uma maneira alternativa de prolongar o uso de solos ligeiramente salinos é cultivar neles cultivares mais tolerantes. Diante disso, a busca por métodos eficazes e seguros que favoreçam a adaptação das plantas às condições salinas é cada vez mais necessária. Entre as abordagens emergentes, destacam-se os nanomateriais à base de carbono (CNMs), que vêm demonstrando potencial na mitigação dos efeitos adversos da salinidade sobre o crescimento e o desenvolvimento vegetal. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo revisar o papel dos nanomateriais à base de carbono nas respostas de plantas ao estresse salino. Para tanto, artigos científicos disponíveis em bancos de dados públicos (PubMed, ScienceDirect e Google Scholar), foram recuperados utilizando os termos-chave “carbon”, “nanomaterials”, “salinity stress” e “plant”, e posteriormente analisados. A partir da análise dos trabalhos recuperados, verificou-se que os efeitos benéficos dos nanomateriais à base de carbono já foram caracterizados em diversas espécies de interesse agronômico, resultando, no geral ao aumento da tolerância das plantas à salinidade. Esse efeito tem sido atribuído à redução do estresse oxidativo e osmótico, à manutenção do equilíbrio iônico e à ativação de vias de sinalização. Em síntese os resultados reportados na literatura evidenciam o elevado potencial biotecnológico destes materiais. No entanto, destaca-se a necessidade de estudos adicionais que avaliem sua eficiência, segurança e impacto ambiental em condições de campo, de modo a viabilizar futuras aplicações no melhoramento vegetal e na agricultura sustentável.
Descargas
Referencias
Ayanda, O. S., Mmuoegbulam, A. O., Okezie, O., Durumin Iya, N. I., Mohammed, S. E., James, P. H., … Badamasi, H. (2024). Recent progress in carbon-based nanomaterials: Critical review. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 26(5), 106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-024-06006-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-024-06006-2
Butcher, K., Wick, A. F., DeSutter, T., Chatterjee, A., & Harmon, J. (2016). Soil Salinity: A Threat to Global Food Security. Agronomy Journal, 108(6), 2189–2200. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.06.0368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.06.0368
Chen, Q., Cao, X., Li, Y., Sun, Q., Dai, L., Li, J., … Ci, L. (2022). Functional carbon nanodots improve soil quality and tomato tolerance in saline-alkali soils. Science of The Total Environment, 830, 154817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154817 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154817
Chen, Z., Guo, Z., Xu, N., Cao, X., & Niu, J. (2023). Graphene nanoparticles improve alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth through multiple metabolic pathways under salinity-stressed environment. Journal of Plant Physiology, 289, 154092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154092
Chen, Z., & Wang, Q. (2021). Graphene ameliorates saline-alkaline stress-induced damage and improves growth and tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 163, 128–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.039 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.039
Descoings, B., Eggli, U., & Newton, L. E. (2022). Vitaceae. Em U. Eggli & R. Nyffeler (Org.), Dicotyledons: Rosids (p. 1–6). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85239-9_62-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85239-9_62-1
Eswar, D., Karuppusamy, R., & Chellamuthu, S. (2021). Drivers of soil salinity and their correlation with climate change. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 50, 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2020.10.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2020.10.015
Ganjavi, A. S., Oraei, M., Gohari, G., Akbari, A., & Faramarzi, A. (2021). Glycine betaine functionalized graphene oxide as a new engineering nanoparticle lessens salt stress impacts in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 162, 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.028
Garg, T., Joshi, A., Kumar, A., Kumar, V., Jindal, N., Awasthi, A., & Kaur, S. (2025). Foliar application of selenium nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their hybrids stimulates plant growth and yield characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stress. Plant Nano Biology, 11, 100146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2025.100146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2025.100146
Gohari, G., Panahirad, S., Sadeghi, M., Akbari, A., Zareei, E., Zahedi, S. M., … Fotopoulos, V. (2021a). Putrescine-functionalized carbon quantum dot (put-CQD) nanoparticles effectively prime grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Sultana’) against salt stress. BMC Plant Biology, 21(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-02901-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-02901-1
Gohari, G., Panahirad, S., Sepehri, N., Akbari, A., Zahedi, S. M., Jafari, H., … Fotopoulos, V. (2021b). Enhanced tolerance to salinity stress in grapevine plants through application of carbon quantum dots functionalized by proline. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(31), 42877–42890. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13794-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13794-w
Gohari, G., Safai, F., Panahirad, S., Akbari, A., Rasouli, F., Dadpour, M. R., & Fotopoulos, V. (2020). Modified multiwall carbon nanotubes display either phytotoxic or growth promoting and stress protecting activity in Ocimum basilicum L. in a concentration-dependent manner. Chemosphere, 249, 126171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126171 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126171
González-García, Y., López-Vargas, E. R., Pérez-Álvarez, M., Cadenas-Pliego, G., Benavides-Mendoza, A., Valdés-Reyna, J., … Juárez-Maldonado, A. (2022). Seed Priming with Carbon Nanomaterials Improves the Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Plants under Saline Stress. Plants, 11(15), 1984. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151984 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151984
Guo, B., Chen, F., Liu, G., Li, W., Li, W., Zhuang, J., … Liu, Y. (2024). Effects and mechanisms of proanthocyanidins-derived carbon dots on alleviating salt stress in rice by muti-omics analysis. Food Chemistry: X, 22, 101422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101422 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101422
Hassanpouraghdam, M. B., Mehrabani, L. V., Khoshmaram, L., & Rasouli, F. (2025). Amelioration of the growth and physiological responses of Capsicum annum L. via quantum dot-graphene oxide, cerium oxide, and titanium oxide nanoparticles foliar application under salinity stress. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 467. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84706-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84706-4
Jing, X., Liu, Y., Liu, X., Wang, X.-F., You, C., Chang, D., & Zhang, S. (2023). Nitrogen-doped carbon dots enhanced seedling growth and salt tolerance with distinct requirements of excitation light. RSC Advances, 13(18), 12114–12122. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA01514A DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA01514A
Liu, J., Cao, X., Mao, T., Wen, Q., Zhang, D., Bao, L., … Zhai, Y. (2025). Enhancing wheat tolerance to salinity using wolfberry-derived carbon dots. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.045
Liu, Y., Liu, D., Han, X., Chen, Z., Li, M., Jiang, L., & Zeng, J. (2024). Magnesium-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot Nanomaterials Alleviate Salt Stress in Rice by Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species to Increase Photosynthesis. ACS Nano, 18(45), 31188–31203. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c09001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c09001
Luo, Y., Zeng, W., Lei, G., Hou, Y., Ao, C., Chen, H., … Srivastava, A. K. (2022). The effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and Bacillus subtilis treatments on the salt tolerance of maize seedlings. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 1093529. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1093529 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1093529
Mahmoud, N. E., & Abdelhameed, R. M. (2021). Superiority of modified graphene oxide for enhancing the growth, yield, and antioxidant potential of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under salt stress. Plant Stress, 2, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2021.100025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2021.100025
Mahra, S., Tripathi, S., Tiwari, K., Sharma, S., Mathew, S., Kumar, V., & Sharma, S. (2025). Harnessing nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture: From seed priming to encapsulation. Plant Nano Biology, 11, 100124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2024.100124 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2024.100124
Malekzadeh, M. R., Roosta, H. R., & Kalaji, H. M. (2023). GO nanoparticles mitigate the negative effects of salt and alkalinity stress by enhancing gas exchange and photosynthetic efficiency of strawberry plants. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 8457. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35725-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35725-0
Nauman Khan, M., Fu, C., Liu, X., Li, Y., Yan, J., Yue, L., … Wu, H. (2024). Nanopriming with selenium doped carbon dots improved rapeseed germination and seedling salt tolerance. The Crop Journal, 12(5), 1333–1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2024.03.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2024.03.007
Panahirad, S., Dadpour, M., Gohari, G., Akbari, A., Mahdavinia, G., Jafari, H., … Fotopoulos, V. (2023). Putrescine-functionalized carbon quantum dot (put-CQD) nanoparticle: A promising stress-protecting agent against cadmium stress in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Sultana). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 197, 107653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107653 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107653
Rezaei Cherati, S., Shanmugam, S., Pandey, K., & Khodakovskaya, M. V. (2021). Whole-Transcriptome Responses to Environmental Stresses in Agricultural Crops Treated with Carbon-Based Nanomaterials. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 4(5), 4292–4301. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.1c00108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.1c00108
Rice | USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. (s. d.). Recuperado 9 de junho de 2025, de https://www.fas.usda.gov/data/production/commodity/0422110
Sarkar, M. M., Pradhan, N., Subba, R., Saha, P., & Roy, S. (2022). Sugar-terminated carbon-nanodots stimulate osmolyte accumulation and ROS detoxification for the alleviation of salinity stress in Vigna radiata. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 17567. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22241-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22241-w
Shahid, S. A., Zaman, M., & Heng, L. (2018). Soil Salinity: Historical Perspectives and a World Overview of the Problem. Em M. Zaman, S. A. Shahid, & L. Heng (Org.), Guideline for Salinity Assessment, Mitigation and Adaptation Using Nuclear and Related Techniques (p. 43–53). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96190-3_2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96190-3_2
Singh, G. B., Sharma, A., Thapa, J., & Nidhi. (2024). Foliar-Based Nanoformulations: Leads and Flaws. Em S. Kaur, V. Dwibedi, & P. K. Sahu (Org.), Metabolomics, Proteomics and Gene Editing Approaches in Biofertilizer Industry (p. 223–245). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2910-4_12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2910-4_12
Speranza, G. (2021). Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Functionalization and Sensing Applications. Nanomaterials, 11(4), 967. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040967 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040967
Status of the world’s soil resources: Main report. (2015). Rome: FAO : ITPS.
Xu, Z., Liu, H., Yu, Y., Gao, D., Leng, C., Zhang, S., & Yan, P. (2023). MWCNTs Alleviated saline-alkali stress by optimizing photosynthesis and sucrose metabolism in rice seedling. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 18(1), 2283357. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2023.2283357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2023.2283357
Yan, N., Cao, J., Wang, J., Zou, X., Yu, X., Zhang, X., & Si, T. (2024). Seed priming with graphene oxide improves salinity tolerance and increases productivity of peanut through modulating multiple physiological processes. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 22(1), 565. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02832-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02832-7
Yang, Z., Zheng, H., Wei, X., Song, J., Wang, B., & Sui, N. (2018). Transcriptome analysis of sweet Sorghum inbred lines differing in salt tolerance provides novel insights into salt exclusion by roots. Plant and Soil, 430(1–2), 423–439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3736-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3736-0
Ye, Y., Landa, E. N., Cantu, J. M., Hernandez-Viezcas, J. A., Nair, A. N., Lee, W.-Y., … Gardea-Torresdey, J. L. (2022). A double-edged effect of manganese-doped graphene quantum dots on salt-stressed Capsicum annuum L. Science of The Total Environment, 844, 157160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157160 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157160
Zahedi, S. M., Abolhassani, M., Hadian-Deljou, M., Feyzi, H., Akbari, A., Rasouli, F., … Gohari, G. (2023). Proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO-Pro NPs): A new engineered nanoparticle to ameliorate salinity stress on grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana). Plant Stress, 7, 100128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2022.100128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2022.100128
Zulfiqar, F., Akram, N. A., & Ashraf, M. (2020). Osmoprotection in plants under abiotic stresses: New insights into a classical phenomenon. Planta, 251(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03293-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03293-1
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Journal of Education Science and Health
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
