EFECTOS DE LOS DETERMINANTES SOCIALES DE LA SALUD SOBRE LA HIPERTENSIÓN: UNA REVISIÓN A LA LUZ DEL MODELO DE DAHLGREN Y WHITEHEAD
DOI:
10.52832/jesh.v3i1.172Palabras clave:
Hipertensão, Determinantes Sociais da Saúde, Fatores de RiscoResumen
Introducción: la hipertensión arterial sistémica se caracteriza como un problema de salud pública mundial, con prevalencia creciente. Los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud están relacionados con cuestiones sociales, económicas y culturales, y juegan un papel importante en los procesos de enfermedad. Objetivo: investigar y describir la relación entre el desarrollo y control de la hipertensión arterial sistémica y los efectos de los determinantes sociales de la salud, fundamentando la discusión en el abordaje propuesto por Dahlgren y Whitehead. Metodología: revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada a través de seis pasos. Se realizó un levantamiento de estudios en las bases de datos LILACS, PubMed, IBECS y SciELO, combinando los descriptores: “Hipertensión”, “Determinantes Sociales de la Salud” y “factores de riesgo”. Resultados: se identificaron 537 estudios después de la encuesta inicial, se seleccionaron 12 estudios para componer la muestra. La discusión se llevó a cabo en los siguientes ejes temáticos: factores individuales y estilo de vida; redes sociales y comunitarias; condiciones de vida y de trabajo y factores socioeconómicos, culturales y ambientales. Conclusión: factores como el bajo nivel económico y educativo, las condiciones de vivienda y la falta de una red de apoyo pueden actuar como factores que aumentan la probabilidad de desarrollar hipertensión no controlada, además de otros determinantes relacionados con el estilo de vida y factores individuales, como la edad superior a 45 años. años, sobrepeso/obesidad, tabaquismo, alcoholismo, estado civil soltero, sedentarismo y hábitos alimentarios no saludables.
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